Turbo-compressor.



0. BANNER.

l TURBO-COMPRESSOR.

APPLIOATIN PILIBD'SEPTA, 1912.

l-h @lanzas-:annuity Patented July 7, 191.4.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0. BANNER.

TURBO-COMPRESSOR.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT 4, 1012 Panama July 7, 1914. l

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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narran srarns rn- IWI FFIQE.

-OTTO BANNER, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, .ASSIGNOR T0 ING'ERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPURATION NEWERSEY.

TURBO-COMPRESSOR.

speciacanon ofLetters raient.

Application led September-4, 1 912. Serial No. 718,576.

pressors, of which the vfollowing is'a specification. l

`In turbo-'compressors it is very'desirable to have the fluid which is being` compressed cooled as much as possible during the com- ,pression stages in order to secure high elficiency .in the compressor.

The object of this invention is to provide Inovel means forcooling the fluid as it'is being compressed, said means forming an integral part of the compressor and thereby eliminating the necessity of .the use of a separate intercooling means.

This invention is particularly directed t0 the cooling of the fluid as it passes outwardly from one wheel along the front of a diaphragm and inwardly along the back of the diaphragm to the next succeeding wheel, means being provided for diffusing the fluid as it asses outwardly from the first-named wheelpand finely sub-dividing the fluid as it passes i'vnwardly to the last-named wheel.

Practical embodiments of this invention are represented in the accompanying drawin s, in which- *igure l represents, partly in side elevaj tion and partly in vertical longitudinal central section, so much of a turbo-compressor as willl give a clear understanding of-my invention, the diffusing and cooling vanes in this instance being shown as formedl on g the diaphragm, and the diaphragm being shown as having its hub and outer member` separable,.Fig. 2 is a similar view with the exception othat the diaphragm is shown as',l having its hub and outer member formed integral, Fig. 3 isa detail section showing` part of the vanes carried by the casing and I part of the vanes carried by the diaphragm, Fig. 4 isa detailsection showing all of the vanes carried by the casing, Fig. 5 is an enlarged front view of the outer ymember of a diaphragm of the `form shown in Fig. l, a portion of the same being broken away to more clearly show its interior construction, 1

Fig. 6 is a section taken in the planeof the rig. s is a partial back' View of the diaphragm shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7.

The shaft of the turbo-compressor is denoted by 1 and it has fixed to rotate therewith one or more wheels 2 of the usual type. The turbo-compressor is provided with one or more diaphragms 3 so arranged as --to have the fluid thrown out along one 'face thereof from one wheel and drawn in along the other face thereof to another wheel. A casing 4 surrounds the diaphragm 3, which casing is water-jacketed as shown at 5; The interior 6 of t-he diaphragm is brought into open communication with the interior of the water jacket 5 by suitable hollow connections 7 In the formshown in Fig'. 1 the hub member and the outer ring member of the diaphragm are shown separable while in Fig. 2 they are shown integral. T he diaphragm is divided transversely into half members for facilitating the assembly of the parts. i

Diffusing vanes 8 are located in the space between the casing 4 and the front of the diaphragm 3 thus forming diffusing channels through which the fluid is thrown by the wheel 2. Cooling vanes 9 may be interposed in these diffusing channels between the outer portions of the vanes 8 for use` in abstracting more `or less heat from the fluid as it is diffused. The diffusing vanes 8 also serve to abstract more or less heat from the said fluid. The gradually widening channels formed between the diffusing vanes 8 serve to materially reduce the velocity of the fluid as it passes outwardly. Cooling .vanes set closely together are interposed in the space between the casing 4 and the back of the diaphragm 3 for abstracting heat from the iuid as it is drawn inwardly along the back of the diaphragm to the next succeeding wheel 2. There are shown long cooling vanes 10 and short cooling vanes l1 so as to very finely sub-divide the stream of fluid and thus more readily abstract the heat therefrom. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the vanes are shown on the diaphragm. In Fig. 3 the `vanes are shown som-e on the diaphragm and some on the casing. In Fig. 4 the vanes are all shown on the casing.

In operation; as the' fluid being compressed is thrown outwardly from the rotary wheel, it passes through the channels formed by the outwardly diverging diffusing vanes Patented July '7. 191%.

between the casing and the front of the diaphragm, and loses its Velocity to a considerable extent on account of the increasing cross sectional area of said diffusing channels. Cooling vanes may be located in the channels between the outer portions of these diffusing vanes, where the Huid has lost much of its velocity. The fluid then passes around the outer edge of the diaphragm and inwardly throughy the channels formed by the cooling vanes between the casing and the back of the diaphragm, to the next succeeding wheel. These vanes will abstract much of the heat from the fluid before it enters said succeeding wheel. This operation is repeated for each stage of the compressor thus keeping the temperature of the fluid constantly down to a limit which will insure great eiiiciency for the compressor.

It is intended to put as many diffusing vanes as ossible in the space between the casing anc the front of the diaphragm so as to abstract as much heat as possible at this -point as well as reduce the Ivelocity of the fluid. However, too many of these vanes should not .be thus placed as in that event there will be too great frictional losses and too many shocks for the fluid as it leaves the wheel. A greatmany cooling vanes may be placed' inthe space between the back of the diaphragm .and the casing without danger` of losing energy by shocks or frictional losses thus making it possible to abstract a great amount of heat on the rear side of the diaphragm. I have shown, in the accompanying drawings, various ways in which these cooling vanes may be placed between thecasing and the diaphragm. The cool'.-

ing vanes may be obtained by casting sheet metal vanes into the adjacent parts o r by casting thin ribs on said parts, as may be de-I sired. I have also shown these diaphragme as being ldivided transversely into two half .sections or transversely and circumferentially into inner and outer members divided into two half sections. These forms are onl instances of many different ways in whic these diaphragms can be constructed.

It is evident that changes might be resorted to in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts without de- ,parting from the spirit and scope of my in vention; hence I do not wish to limitmyself strictl to the structure herein snown and descri ed, but

What I claim is 1. In a turbo-compressor, compressing wheels, an interposed diaphragm, means for passing the iiui d being compressed from one wheel to the next wheel outwardly and inwardly along the front and back of the diaphragm, means for diffusing the fluid to reduce its Velocity and for reducing the temperature of the fluid as it passes outwardly 66 from one compressing wheel along the front of the diaphragm and means consistin of heat conducting material for further re ucing the temperature of the fluid as it passes inwardly along the back of the diaphragm l to the next compressing wheel.

2. In a turbo-compressor, compressing wheels, an interposed diaphragm, means for passing the fluid being compressed from one wheel to the next wheel outwardly and inwardly along the front and back of the diaphragm, means for diffusing the fluid being compressed to reduce its velocity as itpasses outwardly from one compressingv wheel along the front of the diaphragm and heat conducting vanes arranged to nely subdivide the fiuid to reduce its temperature as it passies inwardly along the back of the diaphragm to the next compressing wheel.

3. A turbo-compressor including a casing,

compressing wheels and an interposed di'aphragm, the walls of said casingJ extending along ,the front and back of the diaphragm, and cooling vanes'in the space betweenthe walls of the casing and the diaphragm along the front and back of the diaphragm.

4. A turbo-compressor including a casing, compressing wheels and an interposed diaphragm, the walls of said casing extending along the front and back of said diaphragm, outwardly diverging diffusing vanes in the space between the walls of the casing and the front of the diaphragm, and cooling vaiies located between the outer portions of said diffusing vanes.

5. A turbo-compressor including Va casing, compressing wheels and an interposed diaphragm, the wallsof said casing extending along the` front and back of said diaphragm, outwardly diverging diffusing varies in the space between the walls of the casing and the front of the diaphragm, cooling vanes located between the outer portions of said diffusing vanes, and cooling vanes in the space between the walls of the casing and the back of the' diaphragm.

6. A turbo-compressor including a casing,

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a wheel and a diaphragm, and cooling vanes a wheel and a diaphragm, and cooling vanes on both the casingand the diaphragm in the space betweenthe casing and the diaphragm. 9. A turbo-compressor including a casing, a wheel and a diaphragm, and cooling varies on both the casing and the diaphragm in the space between the casinfr'and the diaphragm upon opposite sides of tee diaphragm. l

10. A turbo-compressor diaphragm having front and back walls and cooling vanes on the diaphragm along its front wall.

11. A turbo-compressor diaphragm having lfront and back Walls and cooling vanes .on the diaphragm along its front and back 1,2. A turbo-compressor diaphragm having front and back-walls, outwardly diverging difusing vanes on the diaphragm` alongits front walland cooling varies lo-v cated on the dia hragm'between the outer portions of said iusing vanes.

13. A turbo-compressor diaphragm having front and back walls, outwardly diverging diusin vanes on the diaphragmalong 15 its front wa l, cooling vanes located 4on the diaphra m between the outer portions of said diusng Vanes and cooling vanes on the diaphragm along its back wall.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing' ya as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two witnesses, this 30th day of August 1912.

OTT() BANNER.

Witnesses:

F. A. POPE, PAUL T.' HOFFMAN. 

